Search results for "Monoclonal antibody"
showing 10 items of 356 documents
Antibodies against Lewis antigens inhibit the binding of human norovirus GII.4 virus-like particles to saliva but not to intestinal Caco-2 cells.
2016
BACKGROUND: Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the main cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. The most commonly detected NoV strains belong to the genetically diverse GII.4 genotype, with new pandemic variants emerging periodically. Despite extensive efforts, NoV investigation has been hampered by the lack of an effective in vitro cell culture system. However, NoV-derived recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) resembling empty capsids are good surrogates for analysing NoV antigenicity and virus-ligand interactions. NoV VLPs have been reported to bind to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). We have analysed the ability of NoV VLPs derived from GI.1 genotype and from three GII.4 genotype variants, GI…
Dual Constant Domain-Fab: A novel strategy to improve half-life and potency of a Met therapeutic antibody
2016
The kinase receptor encoded by the Met oncogene is a sensible target for cancer therapy. The chimeric monovalent Fab fragment of the DN30 monoclonal antibody (MvDN30) has an odd mechanism of action, based on cell surface removal of Met via activation of specific plasma membrane proteases. However, the short half-life of the Fab, due to its low molecular weight, is a severe limitation for the deployment in therapy. This issue was addressed by increasing the Fab molecular weight above the glomerular filtration threshold through the duplication of the constant domains, in tandem (DCD-1) or reciprocally swapped (DCD-2). The two newly engineered molecules showed biochemical properties comparable…
Monoclonal Antibodies, Bispecific Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Oncohematology
2020
Background: The therapeutic outcomes and the prognosis of patients with various hematologic malignancies are not always ideal with the current standard of care. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the results of the use of monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates for the therapy of malignant hemopathies. Methods: A mini-review was achieved using the articles published in Web of Science and PubMed between January 2017 and January 2020 and the new patents were made in this field. Results: Naked monoclonal antibodies have improved the therapeutic results obtained with standard of care, but they also have side effects and the use of some of them can …
Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T-Cells - A New Way and Era for Lymphoma Treatment.
2019
Background: Patients with refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma have a poor prognosis with the current standard of care. Objective: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells (CAR T-cells) are functionally reprogrammed lymphocytes, which are able to recognize and kill tumor cells. The aim of this study is to make progress in this area. Method: A mini-review was achieved using the articles published in Web of Science and PubMed in the last year and the new patents were made in this field. Results: The responses to CAR T-cell products axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel are promising; the objective response rate can reach up to 83%, and the complete response rate ranges betwee…
Specific norovirus interaction with Lewis x and Lewis a on human intestinal inflammatory mucosa during refractory inflammatory bowel disease
2021
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are progressive diseases affecting millions of people each year. Flare-ups during IBD result in severe mucosal alterations of the small intestine (in CD) and in the colon and rectum (in CD and UC).
The emergence of drug resistance to targeted cancer therapies: Clinical evidence.
2019
For many decades classical anti-tumor therapies included chemotherapy, radiation and surgery; however, in the last two decades, following the identification of the genomic drivers and main hallmarks of cancer, the introduction of therapies that target specific tumor-promoting oncogenic or non-oncogenic pathways, has revolutionized cancer therapeutics. Despite the significant progress in cancer therapy, clinical oncologists are often facing the primary impediment of anticancer drug resistance, as many cancer patients display either intrinsic chemoresistance from the very beginning of the therapy or after initial responses and upon repeated drug treatment cycles, acquired drug resistance deve…
Clinical efficacy of α4 integrin block with natalizumab in ankylosing spondylitis
2016
We describe the impact of α4-β1/7 blockade with natalizumab, a recombinant humanised immunoglobulin (Ig) G4κ monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeted to the α4 subunit of the α4β1 and α4β7 integrins, on the gut and spine inflammation in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who developed multiple sclerosis after treatment with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agents. A 45-year-old man with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27-positive AS was admitted in January 2007. He had been diagnosed with AS 4 years earlier based on the presence of inflammatory back pain, peripheral arthritis, radiographic bilateral grade 2 sacroiliitis, HLA-B27 positivity. At that time, he had evidence of chronic int…
Antibody-mediated blockade of JMJD6 interaction with collagen I exerts antifibrotic and antimetastatic activities
2017
JMJD6 is known to localize in the nucleus, exerting histone arginine demethylase and lysyl hydroxylase activities. A novel localization of JMJD6 in the extracellular matrix, resulting from its secretion as a soluble protein, was unveiled by a new anti-JMJD6 mAb called P4E11, which was developed to identify new targets in the stroma. Recombinant JMJD6 binds with collagen type I (Coll-I), and distinct JMJD6 peptides interfere with collagen fibrillogenesis, collagen-fibronectin interaction, and adhesion of human tumor cells to the collagen substrate. P4E11 and collagen binding to JMJD6 are mutually exclusive because the amino acid sequences of JMJD6 necessary for the interaction with Coll-I ar…
Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of non-hematological tumors: a safety review
2018
Introduction: The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) into clinical practice revolutionized the treatment strategies in several solid tumors. These agents differ from cytotoxic chemotherapy for their mechanism of action and toxicity. By targeting specific antigens present on healthy cells and modulating immune system activity, these biological drugs are able to generate a wide spectrum of peculiar adverse events that can negatively impact on patients' quality of life. Areas covered: In this review, the main side effects associated with the use of moAbs have been described to show their incidence and current management strategies, which may drive clinicians in their daily practice.…
Recent Insights into the Development of Preclinical Trastuzumab- Resistant HER2+ Breast Cancer Models.
2018
Background: Overexpression and amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) occur in 20% of total breast carcinomas. HER2-overexpression is implicated in disease initiation and progression and associated with poor prognosis. Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is the standard HER2-targeted therapy for early and metastatic HER2-amplified breast cancer patients. Trastuzumab has significantly increased clinical benefit in HER2+ metastatic and adjuvant settings; however, it is not effective for many patients due to primary or acquired resistance to the drug. During the last decade, many studies have revealed a number of novel molecular traits of HER2+ breast c…